The Naturalization Process: What to Expect
Applying for U.S. citizenship can feel overwhelming, but understanding each step of the naturalization process can help you prepare. Below is an overview of what typically happens after you complete your citizenship application with Project Citizenship.
Step 1: Complete Your Citizenship Application
If you’re eligible for U.S. citizenship, we will sign you up for an application assistance appointment at one of our citizenship workshops. At your appointment, you will work with trained volunteers, pro bono attorneys, and Project Citizenship staff to complete your application.
After your appointment:
- Our team will follow up if additional documents or information are needed.
- Once your application is complete, Project Citizenship will mail it to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
- You will receive an email confirmation from Project Citizenship when your application has been mailed.
Step 2: Receive Your USCIS Receipt Notice
Typically within 1 month
USCIS will mail you a receipt notice confirming that your citizenship application has been received.
Your receipt notice will include:
- Your USCIS case number
- Confirmation that your application is being processed
Keep this document in a safe place, as you will need it throughout the naturalization process.
Step 3: Attend Your Biometrics Appointment
Typically within 1–3 months
Some applicants are required to attend a biometrics appointment, where USCIS collects fingerprints, a photograph, and a signature for background checks.
USCIS will send a notice with the date, time, and location of your appointment.
In some cases, USCIS may reuse biometrics collected during a previous immigration application and will notify you if no appointment is needed.
Step 4: Attend Your Naturalization Interview
Typically within 3–6 months
USCIS will mail you an interview notice with your appointment details.
You should bring:
- Your Green Card
- Your interview appointment notice
- Any documents requested by USCIS
- Copies of any documents and translations submitted with your application
During the interview, a USCIS officer will review your application, ask questions about your background, and administer the English and civics tests (unless you have a language or medical exemption).
Step 5: Attend Your Naturalization Ceremony
Typically within 6–12 months
The final step in becoming a U.S. citizen is attending your naturalization ceremony.
At the ceremony, you will:
- Take the Oath of Allegiance
- Receive your Certificate of Naturalization
- Officially become a U.S. citizen
Congratulations! You have completed the naturalization process and can begin enjoying the benefits and protections of U.S. citizenship.
Please Note:
*This is a general timeline. Application processing times will vary.
** If you fail the English or civics tests, you will receive a re-interview notice within 2-3 months of the first interview.